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N. PETERS, PHoTo-LITHOGRAPHER. WASNXNGTONy D C.

UNTTED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

JOSEPH lREYNOLDS, OF PROVIDENCE,

RHODE ISLAND.

MARINE PROPULSION.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 27,156, dated February 14,

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that l, JOSEPH REYNOLDS, of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain Improvements in Propelling Boats or Vessels, and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l, is a plan. Fig. 2, is a side View, representing four propellers, two at each side of the boat, no portion of the boat being shown. Fig. 3, is an end view, as from the stern of boat, showing one of the main shafts with a propeller hung to each crank pin. Fig. il, represents the back side of the lower portion of one of the propellers, between the crank arms, sho-wing the side pieces and rib piece as connected to the float, the stay rods being removed, also showing the cross pieces, or braces which probably will not be required when the float is permanently secured to the frame.

The term backside in reference to means that side toward the forward the boat or vessel.

My improvements in propelling vessels, consists in constructing and operating the propelling apparatus as follows: One or more main shafts are placed across the vessel, being connected together, and to which the power is communicated by connecting rods, or gearing. At eachend of the shafts on the outside of the hull of the vessel is attached a crank arm, each of these arms are connected by a crank pin, to other arms of the same length, attached to short shafts or journals, placed in a right line with the main shafts and supported in journal boxes by pedestals attached to the guards of the boat or vessel, thus forming a double crank, possessing an equal amount of strength as the straight shaft of the paddle wheel. The width between the crank arms, or the length of the crank pin that connects the arms, must be in the clear suflicient for the length of float required to propel the vessel. These double cranks, which are the propeller cranks, may be constructed by having disks in the place of the crank arms, connected Fig. 4, part of by a crank pin in the saine manner as the arms are connected. The disks may be constructed to act as a counter balance to the crank by having the greatest weight opposite to the crank pin. On each crank pin is hung a propeller or propeller frame, at the lower end of which the oat or `bucket is attached, the top being supported and guided by radius rods or some other suitable mode.

The propeller frames are constructed as follows: by having two upright side pieces to each frame, either of wood, metal, or other suitable substance, framed, bolted, or riveted to cross pieces of a proper length, to give the frame a suitable width, for strength, and support of the float. In case the width of the frame is so great as to require other supports for the float besides the two side pieces, and to give further strength to the frame, one or more upright pieces or ribs may be connected to the frame between the two side pieces, and secured to the cross pieces in a proper manner. The drawing hereunto anneXed represents a frame constructed with one rib piece in the center secured in` with the cross pieces, the said cross pieces `being placed diagonally with the frame for the purpose of acting as braces, at the same time supporting and keeping the frame to its proper width. Other cross pieces placed horizontally across the frame may be applied if required. That way of the frame to which the greatest strain occurs by the propelling action is supported and inade sufficiently strong by having stay rods on one or both sides of the side pieces, and on the rib pieces if required, and secured at or near both top and bottom of the frame. The top ends of the stay rods are fitted with screws for the purpose of tightening the same when required. These stay rods are braced out at or near that part of the frame where the crank pin is connected to a proper distance to vive strength to the frame, by having pro3ecting rests, or bearings over which the stay rods are drawn, and by which they are kept braced out. These projecting rests or bearings will be` placed and secured to the side pieces and ribs, at or near that part of the frame before named, where the crank pin connects, and such other places in the a baise length of the frame as may be found necestached to the vessel abaft the main shaft to 7o sary, or best, and will be secured by cross which the propeller frame is connected. pieces or braces if required to keep them iii The radius rods to be of a suitable len h a proper position. f and hung in a proper position to hold or 'Ihe propeller frames may befof equal guide the top of the frame forward or be- Width at both Ytop and bottom, or they may yondthe shaft to which` it is attached as will 75 be somewhat contracted at the top, Abut be more fully shown by reference to the shouldbe a suitable width to be supported drawings hereunto annexed. To give a simiand `guided by two radius rods or two sets of lar action or increase in the speed of the 10 liXed guides. I think radius rods are prefioat when guided by fixed guides to that erable to fixed guides for supporting and produced by being guided by radius rods as 80 guiding the tops. of the propeller frames, I before described, the fixed guides will be and that two to each frame will be better formed with a curve or straight and set at a than one for the purpose of keeping theV proper angle with a vertical Vline so as to j frame steady and making it more secure, uncause the top of the frame to incline or move less forrsmall vessels or boats where a nartoward the stern of the vessel while in the 85 row frame is suiicient. If guided and supfirst part of its action to propel the vessel ported by fixed guides, adjustable crossforward, and to incline or move the other heads may be placed across the tops of the Way 0r toward the forward part of the vesframes, projecting over the side pieces, and s el in the latter part of its forward propelfitted in a proper manner to be guided by the ling action. If the fixed guides are placed 90 iixed guides at each side of the frame, ror adin front of a vertical line with the shaft to justable boxes or pieces to fit in or on the which the frame is connected, the curve or fixed guides, may be attached to the tops of angle will require to be less than if placed the frames, in such manner as that they will directly over or abaft of it.

adjust themselves in the guides as the frame a a, are the main shafts supported in jour- 95 changes its position. nal boxes and pedestals in the usual way.

The fixed guides may be formed either b Zi, are the crank arms secured to the with a curve or straight, and placed in such main shafts.

a position and at such an angle with a verc c, are the crank arms secured to the short tical line as will give to the float an increase shafts Vor journals Z d', the two arms being 100 in its speed while in the act of propelling connected together by the crank pin e. the boat or vessel forward, similar to what f f are the pedestals connected to the will be produced when supported and guided guards of the vessel.

bfy radius rods, as will be hereafter deg g, are the side pieces of the propeller scribed. The floator bucket which is atframe, the rib piece, la la, the cross pieces.

tached to the lower end of the propeller Z l, are the stay rods, braced out and supframe' Vmay be either flat, concave, or any ported by the projectingV rests or bearings other suitable form,and will be set at such m, m. an angle with the propeller frame, or a line n is the float or bucket. from the center of the crank pinto the center o is the cross shaftY at the top of the proof the guiding point or hanging of the rapeller frame, to which Vone end of the radius dius rods at the top of the frame, as will give rods p p, are connected the other ends being it a proper position to enter and leave the connected to the shaft g attached to the 45 water in the best manner. rThe float may vessel. Y

either be bolted fast to the frame or hung Having thus fully described the nature with journals or hinges in such a manner as of my invention, and the manner in which that with a simple arrangement of machinthe same is constructed and acts, I wish to be ery it will be locked and made fast to the understood as not claiming the parts disconrframe while in the act of propelling the nected fromeach other, or aside from comvessel either way, and will be unlocked and bination or application to the particular free to yield if it comes in contact with the mode of propulsion hereindescribed. Neither water when returning to take a new hold to do I claim a propeller apparently similar in propel the vessel forward. The pro elling its operation to the one hereindescribed, havg cranks may be so arranged on the s aft as ing only a single stem at the top, and guided l 55 partially to equalize the application of the by a single radius rod, or a single set of power to the load or resistance of the float guides in or about the stein, unless embracin the water when in the act of propelling ing, or in combination with some of the esthe boat forward. sential points herein described and hereafter An important point inthe operation is a claimed. But Y 60 uniform action and increase in the speed of What I do claim is* the floats while inthe act of propelling the The double cranks supported by outside vessel forward, caused by having the top of bearings, with the propeller frames supporteach frame supported andguided by radius ed by stay rods, and guided, at the top, with rods hung to the vessel or suitable frames attwo radius rods to each frame, hung to the A Vessel or suitable frames attached to the Vesand arranged substantially as, and for the seluabaffli; the main shafi to Whiohdthe p'- purposes Specified. pe er ame is connecte The ra ius r s to be of a. suitable length and hung in a JOSEPH REYNOLDS' 5 proper position to hold or guide the top of Witnesses:

the frame forward or beyond the shaft to EDM. F. BROWN, which it is attached. The Whole constructed N. P. CAUSIN. 

